AIGC has transformed creative activities toward a human–AI collaborative model, with AI tools being extensively applied in academic work, self-media, and commercial design. Users’ activities, such as conceptualization and revision, constitute creative contributions. However, existing copyright law is premised on independent human creation and lacks criteria for determining user contributions, resulting in uncertainties over rights ownership and inadequate protection of rights and interests. Taking substantial contribution as its core, this article analyzes the difficulties in the application of law, draws on extraterritorial experience to develop a three-level contribution determination model, and proposes measures for improvement at the legislative, judicial, and platform-governance levels. This mechanism adheres to the fundamental objective of copyright protection of safeguarding intellectual achievements, while supporting the development of the AI industry and balancing the interests of all parties.
AIGC; copyright protection; originality; human substantial contribution; user rights and interests.
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